Evaluation of the analgesic effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Cinnamomum in rats

Background and Aim: There have been reports of beneficial effects of Cinnamomum extract on the respiratory disorders, digestive problems, menstrual pain and inflammatory diseases such as arthritis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the analgesic effects of hydroalcoholic extract of Cinnamomum in rats by using plantar test

Material and Methods: Wistar male rats were divided into six groups [n=8] randomly

The rats received either hydroalcoholic extract of Cinnamomum [200, 400, mg/kg] alone, or in combination with naloxone or flumazenil intraperitoneally and after 30, 60 and 90 min, the analgesic effects of the extracts was assessed by means of plantar test

Results: The results showed that injection of hydroalcoholic extract of Cinnamomum [400mg/kg, ip] increased significantly the time delay in response to thermal pain inducing effect in pain model of plantar test at 60 [P <0.05] and 90 [P <0.01] min after injection compared to the control group. In addition, we found no significant differences between experimental and control groups in relation to the analgesic effect of 400 mg/kg of Cinnamomum extract, with naloxone or flumazenil and the analgesic effect of Cinnamomum extract was blocked

Conclusion: Our findings confirmed the analgesic effect of Cinnamomum extract

Considering the effects of flumazenil and naloxone on inhibition of the Cinnamomum analgesia, it seems that opioidergic and GABAergic pathways may be involved in the mechanism of Cinnamomum analgesic effect

[ effect of carbenoxolone on morphine-induced withdrawal symptoms in rats]

The exact mechanisms of morphine dependence and withdrawal syndrome remain unclear. Many studies have been performed to find a drug for prevention of withdrawal syndrome. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of carbenoxolone [a gap junction inhibitor] on morphine withdrawal syndrome in male rats. In this experimental study, adult male Sprague Dawley rats with weights between 225 and 275 g were selected randomly and divided into 8 groups. Each group consisted of 8 rats. In order to induce dependency, morphine was injected subcutaneously for nine days [1[st] day: 5mg/kg, 2[nd] and 3[rd] days: 10 mg/kg, 4[th] and 5[th] days: 15 mg/kg, 6[th] and 7[th] days: 20 mg/kg, 8[th] and 9[th] days: 25 mg/kg]. On the ninth day only the morning dose of morphine was injected, then control group and treatment groups received IP injection of saline [1 ml/kg] and IP injection of carbenoxolone [5, 25, 50, 100 mg/kg] respectively. After 30 min all groups received IP injection of naloxone [4 mg/kg] and the withdrawal signs including: jumping, rearing, genital grooming, abdominal writhing, body grooming and wet dog shake, were recorded for 60 minutes. Our results showed that carbenoxolone not only decreased all withdrawal signs, but also reduced the total withdrawal scores, significantly. In conclusion we found that carbenoxolone as a gap junction inhibitor was effective in decreasing the symptoms of morphine withdrawal syndrome.

Effect of linoleic acid of nigella sativa on MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells

Breast cancer is one of the main life-threatening diseases which a woman may face during her life. Several lifestyle factors such as weight gain, obesity, fat intake and decreased level of physical activity are associated with breast cancer risk. In vitro and vivo studies showed that, Linoleic acid [LA] is one of the main fatty acids composition of Nigella sativa. The objective was to investigate inhibitory and anti-cancer effects of Linoleic acid on the MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells. The apoptosis and cytotoxic activity assay was used in order to find toxic effects and the results were supported by flow cytometry [Cell cycle analysis]. The results showed the cytotoxic effect of Linoleic acid on the breast cancer cell can be considered as an anti-cancer effect of LA. According to our findings, when the concentration of lionleic acid was increased, compared with the concentrations currently being reported, it showed an anti-cancer effects. The IC50 was 84.72 micro l/ml. There was a significant [p<0.05] effect between the treatment groups which are more than IC 50 and the control group. We came to this conclusion that Linoleic acid has an inhibitory effect on human breast cancer cell lines which can be due to its two double-bandings molecular structure

incidental finding in a 65 year-old man presenting with right-sided hydrocele

Polyorchidism is a rare congenital anomaly of the urogenital tract defines as the presence of more than two testes. We report the case of a 65 years-old man associated with right sided hydrocele and review the embryology and surgical management of the polyorchidism